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Zigeunerlieder (Brahms)
The Zigeunerlieder ("Gypsy songs") op. 103 and op. 112, nr. 3–6, are a song cycle for 4 singers (or choir) and piano by Johannes Brahms. The texts〔See weblinks Nos. 4 and 5〕 are Hungarian folk songs in German adaptation by Hugo Conrat (originally: ''Hugo Cohn'' (1845–1906)), belonging to the Brahms circle in Vienna. The first translation of the texts was in fact from the Hungarian nurse of the Conrat family.
== History ==
The first eleven pieces of the cycle, which formed some well-connected story, were put to music by Brahms either in his Thun summer of 1887 or in winter 1887/88 straight-away during a stay in Budapest. Further four songs followed in 1891 and were published together with the song quartets ''Sehnsucht'' and ''Nächtens'' (text by Franz Theodor Kugler), which had no connection with the ''Zigeunerlieder'', but nonetheless were put together to form Brahms's op. 112.
In Brahms’s total work the ''Zigeunerlieder'' can be seen – on the one hand – as als vocal counterpart of the Hungarian Dances and – on the other hand – as exotic counterpart to the more-referenced Liebesliederwalzer op. 52 und 65.
The first public performance of the songs op. 103 was on 31 October 1898 in Berlin, with great success, although the presentation of the opus in a concert hall presented some bad feelings to the composer, since Brahms had conceived his opus genuinely for soloist quartets, and had thought of performances at home. Nonetheless the songs are also suited for (small) choirs, particularly in connection with the voluminous sound of modern pianos. As a consequence, performances by choirs in concert are now the rule. CD-representations are, instead, frequently performed by soloists.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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